UNITED NATIONS & LONDON — UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and the UN Security Council on Wednesday urged Myanmar authorities to end violence against the country’s self-identifying Rohingya Muslims that has forced some 400,000 people to flee to Bangladesh.
Guterres said the situation in Myanmar’s western state of Rakhine was best described as ethnic cleansing.
“When one-third of the Rohingya population had to flee the country, could you find a better word to describe it?” he told a news conference.
“I call on the Myanmar authorities to suspend military action, end the violence, uphold the rule of law, and recognize the right of return of all those who had to leave the country,” said Guterres, adding that he had spoken several times with Myanmar’s national leader, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi.
The exodus of refugees, sparked by the security forces’ fierce response to a series of Rohingya militant attacks on Aug. 25, is the most pressing problem Daw Aung San Suu Kyi has faced since becoming leader last year.
The government says it is targeting “terrorists,” while refugees say the offensive aims to push Rohingya out of Myanmar.
The 15-member Security Council met behind closed doors on Wednesday, at the request of Sweden and Britain, to discuss the crisis for the second time since it began and agreed to publicly condemn the situation.
The council “expressed concern about reports of excessive violence during the security operations and called for immediate steps to end the violence in Rakhine, de-escalate the situation, re-establish law and order, ensure the protection of civilians … and resolve the refugee problem.”
British UN Ambassador Matthew Rycroft said it was the first statement from the Security Council on Myanmar in nine years. Such statements have to be agreed by consensus and Russia and China have traditionally protected Myanmar from any action.
Myanmar said last week it was negotiating with Russia and China to ensure they blocked any censure by the Security Council over the violence in Rakhine State.
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi has canceled a trip to the UN General Assembly in New York next week to deal with the crisis. Rycroft said two high-level meetings on Myanmar were due to be held during the gathering of world leaders at the United Nations.
“The humanitarian situation is catastrophic,” Guterres said. “This is a dramatic tragedy. People are dying and suffering in horrible numbers and we need to stop it.”
On Wednesday, A dozen Nobel laureates, including Malala Yousafzai and Muhammad Yunus, urged the United Nations on Wednesday to use “all available means” to end violence against Rohingya Muslims to flee to Bangladesh.
“We urge you to take decisive actions to stop the violence against innocent civilians,” Yousafzai and 29 others, including Archbishop Desmond Tutu and British billionaire Richard Branson, said in an open letter to the UN Security Council.
“Complete villages have been burned, women raped, many civilians arbitrarily arrested, and children killed,” the laureates said.
The letter called for Myanmar’s government to implement the recommendations of a commission led by former UN chief Kofi Annan to give the self-identifying Rohingya citizenship and freedom of movement.
Myanmar’s government regards the self-identifying Rohingya as illegal migrants from Bangladesh, even though many have lived in the country for generations.
“The government of Myanmar needs to be told that international support and finance is conditional on a major change in policy towards the Rohingya,” the laureates said.
